Growth and Development MCQS- Orthodontics MCQs- (Dental Pulse)

Growth and Development MCQS _ Orthodontics MCQs (Dental Pulse)

1. Growth site of the mandible is in the body
a) Body
b) Condylar cartilage
c) Coronoid
d) Ramus

2. Maxilla develops by
a) Endochondral bone formation
b) Intra membranous bone formation
c) Cartilage replacement and intra membranous bone formation
d) Mostly cartilage replacement and a little by intra membranous

3. Which of the organ/system increases to 200% the adult size before puberty age 9-10 years
a) Lymphoid
b) Somatic
c) Genitals
d) Neural

4. Servo system theory of growth was given by
a) Scott
b) Petrovic
c) Limborgh
d) Van der klaauw

5. Greatest amount of cranial growth occurs by
a) Birth to five years
b) 5 – 6 years
c) 6 – 7 years
d) 7 – 10 years

6. At birth which of the following structures is nearest the size it will eventually attain in adulthood
a) Cranium
b) Mandible
c) Middle Face
d) Nasal capsule

7. ‘Epigenetic factors’ controlling the growth of skeleton are?
a) Genetic factors present within the skeleton
b) Genetic factors present outside the skeleton
c) Local non genetic factors
d) General non genetic factors

8. Scammon’s growth curve. False is
a) Neural tissues-Most of the growth is completed by 6 years.
b) Lymphoid tissues – growth reaches 200% by age 13 and regresses afterwards
c) Genital tissues – most of the growth is completed by the age of puberty
d) None of the above

9. Age of closure of sphenococciptial synchrondrosis
a) 6 years
b) 12 years
c) 18 years
d) 25 years

10. Persistent part of the envelope of Meckels cartilage is
a) Stylomandibular ligament
b) Tempero madibular ligament
c) Spheno mandibular ligament
d) Stylohyoid ligament

11. Meckel’s cartilage gives rise to:
a) Condylar process
b) Coronoid process
c) Rest of ramus
d) None of the above

12. Growth of oral structures is mainly influenced by factors:
a) Hereditary
b) Environmental
c) Hereditary-influenced by environmental
d) None of the above

13. Duration of adolescent stage in boys is
a) 3 years
b) 3-5 years
c) 4 years
d) 5 years

14. An early prepubertal growth spurt indicates:
a) Longer treatment time
b) Fast maturing child
c) Slow maturing child
d) An endocrine dysfunction

15. Sphenococipital synchondrosis closes at the age of
a) 6 years of age
b) Early puberty age
c) Early adult age (Closes around 18-20 years)
d) It never closes

16. At birth, the palate is relatively flat: in adults; it is vault-shaped. By which of the following does this change occur:
a) Bone resorption in the palatal vault
b) Growth of the maxillary sinuses
c) Deposition of the alveolar crestal bone
d) Bone deposition on the posterior wall of the maxillary tuberosity

17. If a child’s teeth do not form, this would primarily affect the growth of the:
a) Maxilla
b) Mandible
c) Whole face
d) Alveolar bone (The alveolar bone develops in response to the developing tooth buds.)

18. After the age of six the increase in the size of mandible occurs at:
a) Symphysis
b) Between canines
c) Along the lower border
d) Distal to 1st molars

19. Vital staining was introduced by
a) Entow
b) Wolf
c) John Hunter
d) Petrovic

20. Growth of the maxilla in the vertical direction is due to:
a) Growth of the alveolus (Vertical alveolar growth to accommodate erupting teeth is a major contributor.)
b) Growth at sutures
c) Growth of the cranial base
d) Growth of the synchondrosis

21. Growth of cranium continues upto
a) 2 yrs
b) 10 yrs
c) 15 yrs
d) Grows equally

22. Absence of sesamoid bone in girl of age about normal range of puberty is said to have
a) Completed the growth
b) Over growth
c) Delay in reaching puberty
d) All of the above

23. In sutures there is proliferation of connective tissue followed by replacement of bone this is called:
a) Endochondral bone growth
b) Sutural growth (The correct term for this process is sutural growth, a type of intramembranous growth.)
c) Appositional growth
d) Interstitial growth

24. The pharyngeal muscle which forms a part of buccinator mechanism is:
a) Inferior constrictor
b) Middle constrictor
c) Superior constrictor
d) Palatopharyngeus

25. Premaxilla is derived from
a) Maxillary protuberance
b) Palatine bones
c) Frontonasal process
d) Median process

26. Differential growth means:
a) Difference between growth and development.
b) Difference between individual growth
c) Acceleration in growth.
d) Different tissues grow at different times rate and amount.

27. In a newborn child we generally see:
a) Maxillary protrusion
b) Maxillary retrusion
c) Mandibular protrusion
d) Mandibular retrusion

28. The implant method of studying growth was proposed by:
a) Scammon
b) Borg.
c) Belchier
d) Bjork.

29. Earlier closure of a suture is called
a) Synchondrosis
b) Ankylosis
c) Synostosis
d) Epiphysis

30. The ‘V’ principle of growth is best illustrated by the
a) Body of Mandible
b) Mandibular ramus
c) Mandibular symphysis
d) Spheno-occipital synchondrosis

31. The first ossification center of the mandible in a 6 weeks old human embryo is found in which one of the following locations?
a) Future coronoid process
b) Future condylar process
c) Future mental foramen
d) Future mandibular foramen

32. Functional matrix theory is hypothesized by
a) Scott
b) Sicher
c) Petrovic
d) Moss

33. Bjork used the implants for predicting facial growth changes. This approach is called as:
a) Longitudinal approach.
b) Metric approach.
c) Structural approach.
d) Computerized predication.

34. The functional Matrix concept as revised by Moss does not include:
a) Connected cellular network
b) Mechano transduction
c) Epigenetic-Epithesis.
d) Genomic thesis

35. Negative growth is a characteristic of:
a) Testis.
b) Brain.
c) Mandible
d) Thymus (The thymus gland involutes after puberty.)

36. The body tissue that grows rapidly but shows minimal growth after the age of 6-7 years is:
a) Neural tissue.
b) Lymphoid tissue.
c) Skeletal tissue.
d) Genital tissue.

37. Combinations of deposition and resorption occurring in the different bones of the skull which result in a growth movement towards the depository surface is termed as
a) Remodeling
b) Displacement
c) Physiologic resorption
d) Drift

38. Enlow’s ‘V’ principle of growth is found in
a) Cranial base
b) Maxilla only
c) Maxilla and mandible
d) None of the above

39. Oral and Nasal capsule of functional growth related to
a) Periosteal matrix
b) Mutual matrix
c) Capsular matrix
d) None of the above

40. In Sicher’s theory, suture acts as
a) Has independent growth potential
b) Dependent on cranial base
c) Used for growth adjustment
d) None of above

41. The movement of bone in response to its own growth is termed as:
a) Rotation
b) Secondary displacement
c) Primary displacement
d) Differentiation

42. The “Suture dominance theory” of craniofacial growth was given by
a) Moss
b) Sicher
c) Profit
d) Petrovic

43. Cranial vault volume at 7 years is:
a) 1/3
b) 1/4
c) 1/2
d) 3/4

44. Skull at birth contains:
a) 22 bones
b) 34 bones
c) 45 bones
d) 54 bones

45. Spheno occipital synchondroses carries the growth of anterior half of the gonial base of the cranium and upper part of the face in:
a) Forward and downward directions
b) Forward and lateral direction
c) Upward and forward directions
d) Only forward direction

46. All of the following are examples of fibrous joint except:
a) Symphysis (A symphysis is a cartilaginous joint, not a fibrous joint.)
b) Gomphosis
c) Sutures
d) Syndesmosis

47. More than 90% of growth of the brain or brain vault has been achieved by:
a) 12 years of life
b) 5 years of life
c) 18 years of life
d) 21 years of life

48. Mechanism of bone growth is by:
a) Bone deposition and resorption
b) Cortical drift
c) Displacement
d) All of the above

49. A change in the intensity and direction of functional forces would produce demonstrable change in the internal architecture and external form of bone was stated by:
a) Melvin moss
b) E.H. angle
c) Zadmison
d) Julies Wolff (Wolff’s Law)

50. Development of face occurs in the following planes:
a) Transverse, sagittal, vertical
b) Transverse, vertical, sagittal
c) Sagittal, vertical, transverse
d) Vertical, transverse, sagittal

51. Read the following carefully:
1) Spheno-occipital synchondrosis
2) Mandibular condyle
3) Frontomaxillary suture
4) Nasal septum
5) Alveolar process
Which of the following are sites of cartilaginous growth postnatally
a) 1 & 2
b) 1, 2 & 4
c) 2, 3 & 5
d) 3 & 5

52. Father of modern orthodontics is:
a) Dewey
b) Angle
c) Andrew
d) Clark

53. All of the following are considered microskeletal units of the mandible as per the matrix theory EXCEPT:
a) Chin
b) Glenoid fossa (The glenoid fossa is part of the temporal bone, not the mandible.)
c) Coronoid process
d) Angle of the mandible

54. Growth estimation is done by:
a) Frontal bone
b) Cervical vertebrae
c) Capitate
d) Clavicle

55. Functional matrix theory suggests that the determinant growth of skeletal tissues resides in:
a) Skeletal
b) Sutures
c) Cartilages
d) Non-skeletal tissues

56. The three main vertical pillars of trajectories of force arising from the alveolar process and ending in the base of the skull are all except:
a) Canine pillar
b) Zygomatic pillar
c) Nasal pillar
d) Pterygoid pillar

57. The Condylar Cartilage in the mandible is held to be a
a) Primary cartilage
b) Secondary cartilage
c) Tertiary cartilage
d) Non-growing cartilage

58. Growth activity at which of these synchondroses completes first?
a) Spheno-occipital
b) Intersphenoidal
c) Intra-occipital
d) Sphenoethmoidal

59. Arch space for eruption of 2nd & 3rd molar created by:
a) Apposition of Hamular processes
b) Resorption of anterior border of ramus (Resorption on the anterior border of the ramus allows the mandibular molars to erupt into the lengthening dental arch.)
c) Resorption of posterior border of ramus
d) Apposition of lower border of mandible

60. First growth spurt takes place at what age
a) 1st year (The first postnatal growth spurt occurs around 2-3 years of age, but the option closest to a major early spurt is the 1st year.)
b) 3rd year
c) 6th year
d) 9th year

61. Growth sites in maxilla is / are
a) maxillary tuberosity
b) sutures
c) nasal septum
d) all of the above

62. Growth trends show that in most patients
a) maxilla and mandible grow in unison
b) maxilla grows more rapidly
c) mandible grows at faster rate than the middle third of the face
d) no such conclusion could be made

63. The first evidence of cartilage getting converted to bone in craniofacial skeleton occur during
a) Fourth Postnatal week
b) Eighth Prenatal week
c) Fourth Prenatal week
d) Eighth Postnatal week

64. In child development, the embryo period is?
a) 0-2 weeks
b) 2-3 weeks
c) 2-8 weeks
d) 9 weeks to birth

65. Growth is generally completed
a) First in head and last in depth of face
b) First in head and last in width of face
c) First in head and last in height of face
d) First in depth and last in width of face

66. Growth of Condyle is by
a) Membranous growth
b) Interstitial growth
c) Cartilaginous proliferation
d) Bony Apposition

67. The gonial angle at birth is?
a) (110^\circ)
b) (115^\circ)
c) (175^\circ)
d) (145^\circ)

68. Who proposed the nasal septum “theory of craniofacial growth”?
a) Mass
b) Sicher
c) Scott
d) Bjork

69. The groove separating the gum pad from the palate is called
a) Gingival groove
b) Dental groove
c) Lateral sulcus
d) Transverse groove

70. Who proposed the “trajectory theory of bone formation”?
a) An anatomist Meyer
b) a mathematician, Cullman
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above

71. Anthropometry is
a) Measurement of skeletal dimensions on human skeletal remains
b) Measurement of skeletal dimensions on living individuals
c) Measurement of skeletal dimensions on radiographs
d) Measurement of skeletal dimensions on photographs

72. The mandible grows longer by apposition of new bone on the posterior surface of
a) Coronoid process
b) Condyle
c) Ramus
d) Symphysis

74. Which one of the following undergoes predominantly endochondrial ossification?
a) Maxilla
b) Palate
c) Cranial base
d) Cranial vault

75. More than 90% of growth of brain or brain vault has achieved by?
a) 5 years
b) 12 years
c) 18 years
d) 21 Weeks

76. Remodelling theory of craniofacial growth was given by
a) Brash
b) John hunter
c) Vander Klauuw
d) Sicher & Weinmann

77. Normal growth of maxilla occurs by
a) Displacement and drift
b) Drift only
c) Apposition
d) Replacement resorption

78. Lip thickness reaches maximum at what age is males?
a) 16 years
b) 18 years
c) 25 years
d) 13 years

79. Cartilage differs from bone in that, the cartilage can increase in size by
a) Apposition
b) Interstitial growth
c) Selective resorption
d) Endosteal remodelling

80. In a preadolescent child the maximum midline diastema that will be closed spontaneously after canine eruption
a) 1 mm
b) 2 mm
c) 4 mm
d) 5 mm

81. Anterior arch width of the dental arches increases upto the age of
a) 6 to 8 years
b) 10 to 12 years
c) 12 to 14 years
d) 14 to 16 years

82. Which of the following is true?
a) Upper lip applies more pressure on upper teeth and tongue on lower teeth
b) Tongue apply more pressure on upper teeth and lower lips on lower teeth
c) Lip pressure is more
d) Tongue pressure is more

83. In assessment of skeletal age based on cervical vertebrae as seen in lateral cephalometric radiograph, stage 3 indicates
a) More than one year beyond peak growth
b) No growth
c) Less than one year prior to peak growth
d) Peak growth still a year or so ahead

84. Corpus rotation in relation to cranium is known as
a) Matrix
b) Intramatrix
c) Internal rotation
d) Apparent rotation

85. The pharyngeal structure established in early age and remain constant throughout life is?
a) Depth of oropharynx
b) Depth of nasopharynx
c) Width of nasopharynx
d) Width of oropharynx

86. Period of adolescent growth in boys is?
a) 3 years
b) 3.5 years
c) 4 years
d) 5 years

87. Hemifacial microsomia occurs during?
a) Formation of germ layer
b) Migration of neural crest cells
c) At the time of organ formation
d) Final differentiation of tissue