Pedodontics MCQs – Child Psychology
(Dental Pulse)

Pedodontics MCQs – Child Psychology – (Dental Pulse)

1. Hand over mouth exercise (HOME) is effective behavioral modification technique in the age group of
a) 3 to 6 years
b) Under 3 years
c) 6 to 9 years
d) Above 9 years

2. According to frankel behavioral rating scale, a negative child is the one
a) Who shows reluctance to accept treatment with some evidence of negative attitude
b) Who accepts treatment but at times cautiously
c) Cries forcefully but accepts treatment
d) Who refuses treatment and cries forcefully

3. Best time to see a 3-year-old child in the dental office
a) Early in the morning
b) Just before lunch
c) Just after lunch
d) Any time

4. Paradoxical excitation in children caused by
a) Barbiturate
b) Narcotic
c) Nitrous oxide
d) None of the above

5. N2O more than 30 – 40% causes
a) Diffusion hypoxia
b) Anoxia
c) Amnesia
d) Ataxia

6. Fear is
a) A primary emotion acquires soon after birth
b) A primary emotion acquired in utero
c) A primary emotion acquires several years after birth

7. In managing a seven year old child, the dentist should keep in mind that a child at this age is
a) Frequently negative
b) Susceptible to Praise
c) Generally uncooperative
d) Prone to sensation anxiety

8. Nitrous oxide is contraindicated in
a) COPD
b) Asthma
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) All the above

9. Reinforcement technique is based on
a) Social learning
b) Freudian psycho analytical theory
c) Skinner’s theory
d) Massler’s theory

10. The aim of the first session with a child patient is to all except
a) Establish general communication with the patient and parents
b) Start restorative procedures
c) Obtain background information of child
d) Take radiographs

11. Most realistic approach in managing a difficult child in dental clinic is
a) Disregard the behavior of child
b) Make child familiar with clinical atmosphere
c) Physical methods to make child accept for treatment
d) None of the Above

12. Vidya, a 3 years old comes for her pre dental visit. She is highly intelligent with family members of high I.Q. you would do most probably what type of treatment
a) Radiographs and topical fluoride
b) Get the patient accustomed to the dental clinic
c) Employ desensitization
d) Employ behaviour modification

13. Cognitive theory of child development was given by
a) Sigmund Freud
b) Erik erikse
c) Jean Piaget
d) Brenner c

14. “Tell-show-do” technique of child management was introduced by
a) Bandura
b) Addlesion
c) Coope
d) Wright

15. Best method of communicating with a fearful deaf child:
a) Speaking loudly
b) Normal conversation pace
c) Use sign language
d) Speak with prominent lip movements

16. A drug which is not used to provide conscious sedation in a child is
a) Nitrous Oxide
b) Chloral Hydrate
c) Hydroxyzine
d) Lincomycin

17. How is a two year old positioned for an emergency examination of a fractured incisor?
a) On the dental assistant’s lap
b) On the parent’s lap
c) On the dental chair
d) In the papoose board

18. Basic fear of a 2-year-old child during his first visit to the dentist is related to
a) Fear of an injection
b) Fear of separation from parent
c) Fear of dental instruments
d) Not understanding the reason for dental treatment

19. Peer pressure is maximum in:
a) Toddlers
b) Puberty
c) Teenagers
d) Children below 12 years

20. Before sedating a child it is:
a) Not essential to take the consent
b) Essential to take the written consent
c) Needed to consult the pediatrician
d) Essential for the parents to be present

21. The touch taste smell method of behaviour management is usually used in children who are
a) Deaf
b) Blind
c) Suffering from cerebral palsy

22. Jean Piaget put forth the theory of
a) Psychoanalytic theory of psychosexual development
b) Social learning
c) Cognitive development
d) Cultural adaptation

23. Which type of fear is the most usually difficult to overcome?
a) Long standing objective fears
b) Long standing subjective fears
c) Short term objective fears
d) Short term subjective fears

24. Frankel behaviour rating system does not include following behaviour:
a) Definitely positive
b) Definitely negative
c) Positive
d) Indifferent

25. The best way to help a frightened child to overcome his fear:
a) Identify the fear
b) Ignore the fear
c) Ridicule the frightened child
d) Divert the patient’s attention

26. Which of the following can result in Paradoxical excitement in children.
a) Morphine
b) Phenobarbitone
c) Nitrous Oxide
d) Amphetamine

27. According to Stone and Church’s classification, John, age 4, can be classified developmentally as:
a) Toddler
b) Preschooler
c) Middle years child
d) Adolescent

28. A child’s behaviour is traced to have dental difficulties from his mother. The most satisfactory method of handling the situation is to:
a) Introduce another child as a good example
b) Modify his fear by familiarization
c) Use small amounts of barbiturates
d) Use firmness

29. Apex of the pedodontic triangle is formed by
a) Mother
b) Child
c) Dentist
d) None of the above

30. HOME is
a) Aversive technique
b) Remodelling
c) Psychologic improvement
d) None

31. The age of the child considered to be in the pre cooperative stage of development is
a) 10 years old
b) 8 years old
c) 2 years old
d) 4 years old

32. Which of the following are considered effective methods for the management of fears?
a) Reassurance, shaming, scolding
b) Ridiculing, overprotection, rejection
c) Indifference, reconditioning, over correction
d) Reconditioning, Explanation, Reassurances

33. Which of the following are associated with a diagnosis of slowness of mental development in a child?
a) Family history
b) Metabolic disease
c) Pregnancy & delivery history
d) All of the above

34. The four-year-old child who is aggressive in his behaviour in the dental stress situation is usually manifesting a basic
a) Spoiled nature
b) Fear reaction
c) Reaction to under affection
d) Resentment against dentistry

35. Mothers in the operator are discouraged for a variety of reasons, what would be an exception?
a) A fearful 3-year-old
b) A spoiled 5-year-old
c) An apprehensive 2-year-old
d) An overprotected 6-year-old

36. A child whose siblings are also your patients, become a management problem. What would be your least successful approach to his management
a) Praise the child
b) Compare the child with other children you have treated
c) Tell the child how lucky he is to have you as a dentist
d) Place your hand over the child’s mouth and speak in a controlled voice

37. Which type of parental behaviour would not be associated with the only child?
a) Over protection
b) Over authority
c) Over anxiety
d) Over indulgence

38. A drug which creates a mild stage of central depression so that the patient, though awake, exhibits a lessened degree of cortical excitability and thus behaves in a more calm and phlegmatic manner is a
a) Sedative
b) Anesthetic
c) Hypnotic
d) Analgesic

39. Voice control has the effect of
a) Frightening the child
b) Making child know his limits of misbehaviours
c) Making child forcefully accept dental treatment
d) All of the above

40. A child patient demonstrating resistance in the dental office is usually manifesting
a) Anxiety
b) Anger
c) Inborn fear
d) Immaturity

41. Extinguish of fears on successive dental visits is an example of
a) Modelling
b) Reinforcement
c) Association
d) Desensitization

42. Making the child observe when a dentist is working on a co-operative child is an example
a) Modeling
b) Reinforcement
c) Association
d) Desensitization

43. Psychological basis of “Tell-show-do” technique is
a) Desensitization due to familiarity
b) Overcoming the influences of over indulgence
c) Distraction from unpleasant things
d) All of the above

44. Best approach for managing of 6 years old child with temper tantrum
a) Tell-show-do
b) Voice control
c) Premedication
d) Postponing appointment

45. A technique of child management towards a desired behaviour is called
a) Shaping
b) Extinction
c) Chaining
d) Association

46. Shy and submissive child is the result of parents who are
a) Over indulgent
b) Over protective
c) Unaffectionate
d) Empathetic

47. Which of the following statement is true
a) Sigmund Freud – Psychoanalytic theory
b) Jean Piaget – Cognitive theory
c) Pavlov – Classical conditioning
d) All the above

48. One of the following is not a component of Psychic structure.
a) Ego
b) Super ego
c) Super Id
d) Id

49. The phallic stage defined by Freud is seen in the following age group
a) 1-2 years
b) 2-3 years
c) 1-5 years
d) 3-6 years

50. Which of the following is not a psychodynamic theory
a) Psychosexual theory by Freud
b) Psychosocial theory by Eric Erickson
c) Cognitive theory by Piaget
d) Social learning theory of Bandura

51. Fear of closed spaces like “Dental clinics” is called as
a) Nyclophobia
b) Zoophobia
c) Xenophobia
d) Claustrophobia

52. Which of the following uncooperative behaviour is seen in physically abused child
a) Timid / Shy
b) Stoic
c) Whining type
d) Historical

53. The term audio analgesia is also known as
a) Hypnosis
b) Voice control
c) HOME / hand over mouth exercise
d) White’s noise

54. HOME technique should not be applied to
a) 5 years old child
b) Who exhibits hysterical behaviour during treatment but mentally sound
c) Child who can understand simple verbal commands but exhibiting inconsolable behaviour
d) Immature frightened child

55. According to American association of mental deficiency classification scheme, a trainable mentally retarded child has an IQ range of:
a) 52-68
b) 36-51
c) 20-35
d) Below 19

56. Which of the following is true about physical restraints
a) Papoose board is for restraining body
b) Use of restraining device is a passive method
c) Posey straps are used for restraining extremities
d) All of the above

57. The period of infancy usually refers to:
a) First 2 years after birth
b) First 1 year after birth
c) First 6 months after birth
d) First 3 years after birth

58. When the cry of child is characterized by a siren like vocabulary, it is called as
a) Compensatory
b) Frightened
c) Hurt
d) Obstinate

59. Hand over mouth technique was first described by:
a) Dr. Evangeline Jordan
b) Addelson and Gold fried
c) Dr.G.V.Black
d) Dr. Goldman

60. A child manages an uncooperative child by demonstrating the procedures on another cooperative child. This way of child management is
a) Modelling
b) Desensitisation
c) Tell show do
d) Aversive conditioning

61. Midazolam dose in children is (through Im)
a) 0.5 mg/kg
b) 0.25 mg/kg
c) 0.1 mg/kg
d) 2.5 mg/kg

62. Stimulus Response Theory (SR theory) is also known as:
a) Physical Restraint
b) Aversive conditioning
c) Behaviour shaping
d) Tender Love and Care (TLC) (COMEDK-07)

63. The fear of a 6 year old related to dentistry is primarily:
a) Subjective
b) Objective
c) Subjective & objective
d) Psychological

64. According to Piaget, the period of concrete operations is
a) Birth to 18 months
b) 12 years and onward
c) 18 months to 7 years
d) 7 to 12 years

65. The following is not a communicative management technique according to American Academy of Pediatric dentistry’s standards
a) Voice Control
b) Positive Reinforcement
c) Physical Restraint
d) Distraction

66. A child has to be given premedication for behaviour modification, which is the most preferred route?
a) Oral
b) Intravenous
c) Intramuscular
d) Intramucosal

67. Definition of AUTISTIC child is?
a) Incapacitating communication and emotional problem
b) Most severly handicapping condition
c) Disorder in one or more psychological processes
d) Chronic recurrent and Paraxysmal changes in neurologic function

68. The fears that are produced by direct physical stimulation of the sense organs are
a) Subjective Fears
b) Suggestive Fears
c) Objective Fears
d) Imitative Fears

69. Hand over mouth technique was first described by
a) Dr. Evangeline Jordan
b) Addelson and Gold Fried
c) Dr. Goldman
d) Dr. G.V. Black

70. Behaviour modification includes all of the following EXCPT –
a) Tell-Show-Do
b) Desensitization
c) Modeling
d) Home

71. The principle that ‘the stimulus must be altered to elicit a change in the response is applied in
a) Reinforcement
b) Aversive Conditioning
c) Retraining
d) Modeling

72. Fear of Strangers and Fear of Separation from parents for the children will be diminished by
a) First Birthday
b) Fifth Birthday
c) Third Birthda
d) Seventh Birthday

73. If the use of a technique on a child is objectionable enough that the child will cooperate in order to avoid it, that technique will come under
a) Pharmacological Domain
b) Physical Domain
c) Aversive Domain
d) Reward-oriented Domain

74. A severely incapacitating disturbance of mental and emotional development that causes problem in learning, communication, and relating to others is
A) Autism
B) Learning disability
C) Mental retardation
D) Dyslexia

75. Behaviour management techniques were labeled as “Embarrassment of riches” in 1977 by
A) Jimmy R. Pinkham
B) Gerald Z. Wright
C) David W. Chambers
D) J.C. Brauer

76. Which of the following extremes of parental behaviour were manifested either in extreme dominance or indulgence
A) Over anxiety
B) Rejection
C) Identification
D) Overprotection

77. Joseph Wolpe developed the following behaviour management technique
A) Modeling
B) Tell-Show-Do
C) Desensitization
D) Voice control

78. “Whistle” is a word substitute for explaining the following instrument in children
A) High speed hand piece
B) Suction apparatus
C) Low speed hand piece
D) Air syringe

79. A mother who does NOT encourage her child to cope up with new situations thereby making him shy and timid is an example of an
A) Overprotective mother
B) Under affectionate mother
C) Authoritarian mother
D) Rejecting mother

80. The first book on child dentistry was published by
A) G W Wright
B) Joseph Hurlock
C) Granuldy
D) Robert Buna

81. The art of reinforcing good behaviour displayed by the child with verbal praise applies the
A) Operant conditioning theory
B) Classical conditioning theory
C) Psychoanalytical theory
D) Social learning theory

82. An effective state of consciousness in which joy, sorrow, fear, hate or the likes are expressed is termed as
A) Behavior
B) Emotion
C) Condition
D) Complex

83. A parent asks the dentist, ‘Is the treatment necessary?’ after initial examination and explanation about treatment required. The behaviour of the parent is termed as
A) Neglectful
B) Manipulative
C) Hostile
D) Overprotective

84. Sensorimotor stage of cognitive development is characterized by
A) Egocentricism
B) Symbolic play
C) Animism
D) Conservation

85. In restraining of child everything involved except
A) Avoidance
B) Discrimination
C) Pedi wrap and papoose board
D) Aversive conditioning

86. Which of the following is false about conscious sedation?
A) Patient retains ability to maintain a patent airway
B) Responds appropriately to physical stimulation
C) Responds appropriately to verbal commands
D) None of the above

87. Learning disability is otherwise called as
A) Infantile psychosis
B) Minimal brain dysfunction
C) Childhood schizophrenia
D) Attention deficit disorder

88. Which of the following is commonly used for immobilization of the head in a non-compliant patient?
A) Papoose Board
B) Pedi-Wrap
C) Forearm-body support
D) All of the above

89. Universally used method of behaviour management in pediatric dentistry for both cooperative and uncooperative children is
A) Voice control
B) Behaviour shaping
C) Implosion Therapy
D) Communication

90. When a dentist says “I cannot fix your teeth if you do not open your mouth wide”, he is employing
A) Problem ownership
B) Voice control
C) Tolerance
D) Flexibility

91. Wright’s clinical classification of children’s cooperative behaviour has categories
A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 2

92. Which of the following anesthetic agent is frequently used for conscious sedation?
A) Nitrous oxide and oxygen
B) Chloral hydrate
C) Diazepam
D) Ether

93. A two way process of exchanging or shaping ideas, feeling and information is called as
A) Education
B) Communication
C) Interview
D) Suggestion

94. Id, ego and super ego are part of
A) Piaget’s theory
B) Freud’s psychoanalytical theory
C) Stone and Churchill’s theory
D) Erickson’s theory

95. Office personnel who are at higher risk of NO toxicity, to prevent them the most sensitive test for nitrous oxide detection.
A) Laminar flow
B) Dosimeter
C) Infrared spectrophotometer
D) High suction speed

96. Self-inflicted bites are seen in? (AIIMS NOV-14)
A) Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
B) Friese Maria syndrome
C) Cockayne syndrome
D) Brodie syndrome

97. Egocentrism and animation is found in the following stage of cognitive development?
A) Sensorimotor stage
B) Preoperative stage
C) Operational stage
D) Concrete operational

98. IQ 25-50 is suggestive of?
A) Imbecile
B) Idiot
C) Moron
D) Genius

99. 3 year old girl having delayed milestones, playing with herself, difficulty in learning is likely to be suffering from
A) Mental retardation
B) Autism
C) Specific Learning Disorder
D) ADHD

100. A child of 10-11 years of age cannot follow the demonstration of tooth brushing technique. Then he has IQ level below?
A) 36-51
B) 90-110
C) 70-75
D) 52-68